It is displayed in a purpose-built, climate-controlled enclosure behind bulletproof glass. Dated October 1503, the note was written by Leonardo's contemporary Agostino Vespucci. A later restorer glued and lined the resulting socket and crack with cloth. Because of the way the human eye processes visual information, it is less suited to pick up shadows directly; however, peripheral vision can pick up shadows well. Pourquoi La Joconde a-t-elle une renommée mondiale aussi exceptionnelle, exprimant la peinture en général et l'idéal féminin en particulier ? Not all images are in colour, especially for the archaeological collections. [75], In 1911, the painting was still not popular among the lay-public. [48] Leonardo's right hand was paralytic circa 1517,[49] which may indicate why he left the Mona Lisa unfinished. Pour assurer un meilleur déroulement des travaux de rénovation de la salle des Etats et pour préserver les conditions d’accueil et de visite, le musée du Louvre a décidé de déplacer exceptionnellement la Joconde dans la Galerie Médicis, située au 2e étage de l’aile Richelieu (salle 801) du 17 juillet jusqu’à la fin du chantier, début octobre 2019. Date de création 1930. He did so with such force that it shattered the glass case and dislodged a speck of pigment near the left elbow. Mais il ne l’a certainement jamais eu en sa possession. Image réduite : [80] He carried out the theft by entering the building during regular hours, hiding in a broom closet, and walking out with the painting hidden under his coat after the museum had closed. Once part of King Francis I of France's collection, the Mona Lisa was among the first artworks to be exhibited in the Louvre, which became a national museum after the French Revolution. Her gaze is fixed on the observer. Leonardo, Carmen Bambach, Rachel Stern, and Alison Manges (2003). On 30 December 1956, Bolivian Ugo Ungaza Villegas threw a rock at the Mona Lisa while it was on display at the Louvre. jours par Celette La Joconde Suivre cette page La Joconde La Joconde Artiste Léonard de Vinci Date Entre 1503 et 1506 Type Huile sur panneau de bois de peuplier Dimensions (H × L) 77 × 53 cm Localisation Musée du Louvre, Paris Propriétaire Propriété de l'État français, affecté à la collection du Département des peintures du Louvre. This explains the great precision of the listings. [84] The painting was protected by glass because a few years earlier a man who claimed to be in love with the painting had cut it with a razor blade and tried to steal it. ", "Hidden portrait 'found under Mona Lisa', says French scientist", "Secret Portrait Hidden Under Mona Lisa, Claims French Scientist", "New Study Reveals Potentially Groundbreaking Drawing Hidden Beneath 'Mona Lisa, "Why Leonardo da Vinci's brilliance endures, 500 years after his death", "Biographical index of collectors of pastels", "Mona Lisa fans decry brief encounter with their idol in Paris", "Leonardo da Vinci's Unexamined Life as a Painter", "Louvre exhibit has most da Vinci paintings ever assembled", "Philadelphia Museum of Art - Collections Object : Tea Time (Woman with a Teaspoon)", "Mona Lisa: Who is Hidden Behind the Woman with the Mustache? [57][56][69][70] Others believe that there was only one true Mona Lisa, but are divided as to the two aforementioned fates. It was acquired by King Francis I of France and is now the property of the French Republic itself, on permanent display at the Louvre, Paris since 1797.[10]. Before that discovery, scholars had developed several alternative views as to the subject of the painting. Since the museums participate on a voluntary basis to the regular enrichment of the database, some can present a large part of their collection, while others appear only because of the mere permanent deposits made by the first ones. The woman appears alive to an unusual extent, which Leonardo achieved by his method of not drawing outlines (sfumato). This flexible frame, which is used in addition to the decorative frame described below, exerts pressure on the panel to keep it from warping further. [111] Upon the painting's theft in 1911, Renaissance historian Bernard Berenson admitted that it had "simply become an incubus, and [he] was glad to be rid of her. [103] The renovation of the gallery where the painting now resides was financed by the Japanese broadcaster Nippon Television. Pour donner un effet vaporeux à sa toile, le peintre a utilisé une technique nommée sfumato, consistant à appliquer plusieurs couches … The Mona Lisa was not included because it is in such great demand among visitors to the museum; the painting remained on display in its gallery. [63], Because the Mona Lisa's poplar support expands and contracts with changes in humidity, the picture has experienced some warping. heydenrich 6 ; ottino della chiesa 31 ; villot i 484 ; hautecoeur 1601 ; c.s.i. [82] Peruggia served six months in prison for the crime and was hailed for his patriotism in Italy. During the 20th century it was an object for mass reproduction, merchandising, lampooning and speculation, and was claimed to have been reproduced in "300 paintings and 2,000 advertisements". Peruggia may have been motivated by an associate whose copies of the original would significantly rise in value after the painting's theft. "[132], Before the 1962–1963 tour, the painting was assessed for insurance at $100 million (equivalent to $660 million in 2019), making it, in practice, the most highly-valued painting in the world. Le voleur est un vitrier italien qui avait travaillé au Louvre lors de l'encadrement du tableau. [40], Research in 2008 by a geomorphology professor at Urbino University and an artist-photographer revealed likenesses of Mona Lisa's landscapes to some views in the Montefeltro region in the Italian provinces of Pesaro and Urbino, and Rimini. In 1952, the varnish layer over the background in the painting was evened out. "[38] Some art historians in Eastern art, such as Yukio Yashiro, argue that the landscape in the background of the picture was influenced by Chinese paintings,[39] but this thesis has been contested for lack of clear evidence. Statut juridique. Il peindra à la même époque Saint Jean-Baptiste, Sainte-Anne. Some researchers claim that it was common at this time for genteel women to pluck these hairs, as they were considered unsightly. "[30] Woods-Marsden cites Hans Memling's portrait of Benedetto Portinari (1487) or Italian imitations such as Sebastiano Mainardi's pendant portraits for the use of a loggia, which has the effect of mediating between the sitter and the distant landscape, a feature missing from Leonardo's earlier portrait of Ginevra de' Benci. Léonard de Vinci peint le portrait de Mona Lisa ou La Joconde au début du XVIe siècle (entre 1503 et 1506 ou une dizaine d'année plus tard selon les historiens). Le peintre italien y travaille pendant quatre ans, de 1503 à 1506, et utilise le peuplier comme support. Some argued that Lisa del Giocondo was the subject of a different portrait, identifying at least four other paintings as the Mona Lisa referred to by Vasari. L'histoire de La Joconde demeure obscure : ni l'identité du modèle, ni la commande du portrait, ni le temps pendant lequel Léonard y travailla, voire le conserva, ni encore les circonstances de son entrée dans la collection royale française ne sont des faits clairement établis. [14], In response to the announcement of the discovery of this document, Vincent Delieuvin, the Louvre representative, stated "Leonardo da Vinci was painting, in 1503, the portrait of a Florentine lady by the name of Lisa del Giocondo. [133], In 2014, a France 24 article suggested that the painting could be sold to help ease the national debt, although it was noted that the Mona Lisa and other such art works were prohibited from being sold due to French heritage law, which states that "Collections held in museums that belong to public bodies are considered public property and cannot be otherwise. For example, Leonardo probably painted his model faithfully since her beauty is not seen as being among the best, "even when measured by late quattrocento (15th century) or even twenty-first century standards. Acquisition Dépôt de Siège national du Parti communiste français. [99][100], The picture is kept under strict, climate-controlled conditions in its bulletproof glass case. Localisation. By November 2012, Joconde contained over 475,000 object listings online and over 290,000 with images,[5] from 366 collections in France,[6] including 209,350 drawings, 63,547 paintings, 34,561 prints, 34,102 sculptures or 16,631 costumes and their accessories and is still expanding. Certains spécialistes annoncent une date comprise entre 1503 et 1506, d’autres l’attribuent à une période plus tardive, allant de 1513 à 1519. Accrochée dans le Salon Carré du Louvre, elle connaissait déjà un certain succès, protégée par un verre inséré dans le cadre. Because of the painting's overwhelming stature, Dadaists and Surrealists often produce modifications and caricatures. Walter Pater's famous essay of 1869 described the sitter as "older than the rocks among which she sits; like the vampire, she has been dead many times, and learned the secrets of the grave; and has been a diver in the deep seas, and keeps their fallen day about her. Qui est donc Mona Lisa ? Leonardo, later in his life, is said to have regretted "never having completed a single work". [102] Since 2005 the painting has been illuminated by an LED lamp, and in 2013 a new 20 watt LED lamp was installed, specially designed for this painting. After going through the queue, a group has about 30 seconds to see the painting. "[125], From December 1962 to March 1963, the French government lent it to the United States to be displayed in New York City and Washington, D.C.[126][127] It was shipped on the new ocean liner SS France. Since then, bulletproof glass has been used to shield the painting from any further attacks. [90], In the early 21st century, French scientist Pascal Cotte hypothesized a hidden portrait underneath the surface of the painting. L'attribution du dessin à l'entourage de Léonard de Vinci se fonde à l'origine sur le témoignage d'Antonio de Beatis, secrétaire du cardinal Louis d'Aragon. Il est connu en partie pour son sourire énigmatique. Salon carré du Louvre en 1909. The painting was presented to the media in 2012 by the Mona Lisa Foundation. 1906. As a result, it was thought that the Mona Lisa had been trimmed. [119] The French urban artist known pseudonymously as Invader has created versions of the Mona Lisa on city walls in Paris and Tokyo using a mosaic style. bibliographie. [37], There has been much speculation regarding the painting's model and landscape. Technique Mine graphite sur héliogravure. This was treated on the spot with carbon tetrachloride, and later with an ethylene oxide treatment. [39], Research in 2003 by Professor Margaret Livingstone of Harvard University said that Mona Lisa's smile disappears when observed with direct vision, known as foveal. The Mona Lisa (/ˌmoʊnə ˈliːsə/; Italian: Monna Lisa [ˈmɔnna ˈliːza] or La Gioconda [la dʒoˈkonda]; French: La Joconde [la ʒɔkɔ̃d]) is a half-length portrait painting by Italian artist Leonardo da Vinci. Copie de la Joconde de Léonard de Vinci, conservée au musée du Louvre. The title of the painting, which is known in English as Mona Lisa, comes from a description by Renaissance art historian Giorgio Vasari, who wrote "Leonardo undertook to paint, for Francesco del Giocondo, the portrait of Mona Lisa, his wife. The title of the painting, though traditionally spelled Mona (as used by Vasari), is also commonly spelle… "[134], A version of Mona Lisa known as Mujer de mano de Leonardo Abince ("Woman by Leonardo da Vinci's hand") held in Madrid's Museo del Prado was for centuries considered to be a work by Leonardo. "[123] While exhibited in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the painting was nearly drenched in water because of a faulty sprinkler, but the painting's bullet-proof glass case protected it. This intervention was skilfully executed, and successfully stabilized the crack. [8], The painting is probably of the Italian noblewoman Lisa Gherardini,[9] the wife of Francesco del Giocondo, and is in oil on a white Lombardy poplar panel. [137][138][139] However, a more recent report has demonstrated that this stereoscopic pair in fact gives no reliable stereoscopic depth. [129], In 1974, the painting was exhibited in Tokyo and Moscow. [68] A number of experts have argued that Leonardo made two versions (because of the uncertainty concerning its dating and commissioner, as well as its fate following Leonardo's death in 1519, and the difference of details in Raphael's sketch—which may be explained by the possibility that he made the sketch from memory). SENS DE L’ŒUVRE : « Giocondo » signifie en italien : heureux et serein … La Joconde pourrait incarner l’idée de bonheur. "Possibly it was another portrait of which no record and no copies exist—Giuliano de' Medici surely had nothing to do with the. It comes under the "Direction des Musées de France" (DMF) section of the Ministry. ", "The 'Prado Mona Lisa' – The Mona Lisa Foundation", "Da Vinci's Mona Lisa Entering the Next Dimension", Tweened animated gif of Mona Lisa and Prado version, "Depth Perception and the History of Three-Dimensional Art: Who Produced the First Stereoscopic Images? The title of the painting, though traditionally spelled Mona (as used by Vasari),[12] is also commonly spelled in modern Italian as Monna Lisa (mona being a vulgarity in some Italian dialects), but this is rare in English. Vasari's account of the Mona Lisa comes from his biography of Leonardo published in 1550, 31 years after the artist's death.